以白居易的后宫词作为例子,讲讲如何英译。这首诗说的是一女子因遭丈夫抛弃,终日以泪洗脸,侧夜难眠,坐到天亮的情景。这首诗描写了主人公因为失去爱情十分悲痛的悲惨遭遇。
翻译成英文前先写汉语白话文,第一句就是:她的手绢因为擦拭眼泪湿透了,然而全无睡意。第二句就是:夜深人静的时候,她听到了歌声和锣鼓声。
先把这两句译为英文:soaked is her kerchif through with tears,
yet slumber will not come;
in the deep dead of night she hears
the song and beat of drum.
注意韵脚:这里tears和hears押韵,come和drum押韵。
后两句中文的意思是:虽然恩爱不再,但她红颜未改。情思剪不断,坐到天明不能忘。刻画该女子对失去爱情非常痛苦的样子。
翻译成英文可以这样译。其中gone和dwan押韵;yet和forget押韵。英文诗和现代汉语诗歌一样可以歌一样可以断一句成两行,以便朗读上口和押韵。
整首诗压韵整齐,这样读起来朗朗上口,对读者很有感染力。这是诗人Giles翻译的,显示出他的强大的才华和实力。总之把汉语诗歌翻译成英文诗,也是先弄清含义,再逐句翻译,注意句子太长可分成两行书写,注意尽量做到押韵。
整首诗压韵整齐,这样读起来朗朗上口,对读者很有感染力。这是诗人Giles翻译的,显示出他的强大的才华和实力。总之把汉语诗歌翻译成英文诗,也是先弄清含义,再逐句翻译,注意句子太长可分成两行书写,注意尽量做到押韵。
《春晓》春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声,花落知多少。spring morningno aware of the spring moring,I hear birds singing everywhere,how many flowers have withered,in the wind and rain last night?《静夜诗》床前明月光,疑是地上霜。
举头望明月,低头思故乡。silent night thoughtsseeing the bright moon above my room,suspious of frost on the ground.I rise to watch the moon,I bend to think of home.《行行重行行》行行重行行,与君生别离。
相去万余里,各在天一涯;道路阻且长,会面安可知?胡马依北风,越鸟巢南枝。相去日以远,衣带日已缓;浮云蔽白日,游子不顾返。
思君令人老,岁月忽已晚。弃捐勿复道,努力加餐饭! journey after journey,apart from you,my dear.thousand miles away,the end of the earth;the road narrow and long,when can we meet each other?the horse is against the mighty wind,the bird makes a nest on the branches.days have been long since we aparted,I miss you so much,clouds covering the sun,I cannot return,missing you makes me age,times are late suddenly,,what I can only do,is to have more meals.。
首先一点就是,不能刻板的按照字面意思顺水推舟的解释就完事,要推敲其语境和意境。中国的诗词就是意境的阐述。寥寥数语就有海阔天空的效果,这是中国诗词的魅力所在。注意这一点,就大体上知道了诗词翻译的方向。另外呢,语境和已经都体会到了,那么翻译的时候要适当运用这些古诗词的意境运用法并将之略取运用到翻译中去。注意务必是翻译所用的词语句子和该诗词相映衬。语句连贯而富有感情。
翻译的精髓指出在于,将不易懂的诗词用易懂的现代汉语翻译出来而不失其意蕴。希望楼主多加体会,必能达成。
码字,采纳吧。
the leaf is appearing on the trees, it sounds like talking something.
the buds are in full blossom.their greenness is sort of sadness.
is it that they reborn,or we are getting old?
No, they died also.
the trick of looking new yearly that they have, is written down in the bunch of grains.
endless thresh in castles.
the month of May, everything come back to life.it sounds like telling they died last year.
but they reborn again year after year.
菲利浦·拉金《树》
树正在长出叶子
仿佛一些事情就要说出来;
嫩芽放松着铺展开,
它们的绿色就是一种悲凄。
是不是它们再生了
而我们老了?不,它们也死了。
它们看起来年年常新的诡计
写在谷粒的声音里。
永无休止的城堡仍然打谷
在每一个万物复苏的五月。
去年死了,它们似乎在说,
重新开始,重新,重新。
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